Understanding the treatments listed by clinics

IVF and ICSI

IVF involves fertilisation outside the body. ICSI is a laboratory method in which a single sperm is injected into an egg. Whether either is appropriate is a clinical decision.

When a provider lists both services, ask whether ICSI is included in its programme price and why it is proposed in your case. A service label does not establish treatment suitability.

Freezing and storage

Clinics may list egg, sperm or embryo freezing and storage. Ask what is being stored, how fees are calculated, how long the initial storage period lasts and what happens when renewal is due.

For transport between clinics, ask both sending and receiving providers about acceptance, documentation and specialist transport arrangements. Do not assume a sample can be imported or exported solely because freezing is offered.

Embryo genetic testing

PGT refers to genetic testing of embryos before transfer. Different test types answer different clinical questions. Ask the treating team and genetics professionals what is proposed, why, its limits and whether it changes the treatment pathway.

Request a separate breakdown for embryo biopsy, testing, freezing, storage and a later transfer where relevant. The term “third-generation IVF” alone does not describe every item in a quote.

Donor treatment and surrogacy

Donor treatment and surrogacy involve additional consent, medical and legal questions. Ask about screening, counselling, records, eligibility and the legal position in each relevant country.

A clinic’s advertisement is not an individual eligibility decision. Read our surrogacy and law information and obtain qualified advice before making commitments.

Sources & scope

• HFEA — in vitro fertilisation ↗ — UK regulator; general terminology only
• HFEA — using donated eggs, sperm or embryos ↗ — UK-specific rules are not Kyrgyz rules; consult local professionals